Is Microfiber Bad for the Environment?

At first glance, microfiber cleaning cloths may seem like a good choice for the environment—but when you take a closer look you’ll find that they too are contributing to the ever-growing problem that is microplastic pollution.

What is Microfiber?

Microfiber is made of very fine synthetic fibers that mainly come from plastics like polyester and polyamide (nylon). Raw materials like petroleum are turned into plastic polymers. These polymers are then spun into thin threads and woven into fabrics, creating synthetic microfibers. They’re thinner than human hair, making them difficult to see with the naked eye. Their small size and large surface area helps microfibers pick up and trap dirt and liquids well, which is why they are so popular as cleaning products.

The issue? Since they’re synthetic, these microfibers do not break down easily. Their tiny size allows them to slip through filtration systems and eventually they end up in our environment and in our drinking water.

Is Microfiber Bad for the Environment?

Long story short, yes. Like any other microplastic, microfibers pose a threat to our environment and our personal health. They pollute our waterways putting marine life at risk—and they soak up toxins in the process. These particles and toxins also end up in our drinking water and therefore our bodies.

It all starts when we do laundry. When we wash microfiber products, tiny fibers break off and go into the wastewater. They don’t break down easily, and wastewater treatment plants are not typically able to filter out these tiny particles. Because of this, microfibers flow into streams and rivers. Eventually, they find their way to the world’s oceans.

In the ocean, marine animals ingest these microfibers, which can harm their digestive systems. These tiny fibers also carry toxins up the food chain, affecting the greater ecosystem.

Biodegradable and Eco-Friendly Fabric Alternatives

Switching to biodegradable and eco-friendly fabric options is a lasting way to fight microfiber pollution.

Choose textiles and cleaning cloths made from natural fibers like organic cotton, hemp, and linen. These fabrics are usually made with less water and fewer chemicals than regular cotton, and they don’t contain plastics. They’re also just as effective for household cleaning!

Frequently Asked Questions

What are microfibers and why are they a problem?

Microfibers are very small fibers that come from synthetic fabrics such as polyester and nylon. When these plastic microfibers break off, they cause microplastic pollution. This pollution can hurt marine ecosystems and pollute our drinking water.

Can microfiber pollution be filtered out by wastewater treatment plants?

Wastewater treatment plants aim to remove pollutants. However, many plants are not able to filter out tiny microfibers well. As a result, a lot of these microplastics go back into the environment and waterways.

Are there any eco-friendly alternatives to microfiber products?

Yes. Opt for eco-friendly options made from natural fibers. These include organic cotton, hemp, wool, and linen. These materials are biodegradable and also have a lower environmental impact.

How can consumers reduce their microfiber footprint?

Consumers can lower their microfiber impact by washing clothes in cold water. They should choose shorter wash cycles. It's also good to pick natural fiber options when possible.